Texto de referencia:
Bob Burton and Sheldon Rampton (1997) – Thinking Globally, Acting Vocally: The International Conspiracy to Overheat the Earth – PR Watch, 21/09/1977 – http://www.prwatch.org/prwissues/1997Q4/warming.html
“In 1991, a U.S. corporate coalition including the National Coal Association, the Western Fuels Association and Edison Electrical Institute created a PR front group called the «Information Council for the Environment» (ICE) and launched a $500,000 advertising and public relations blitz as the first salvo.”
William Tucker (1977) – Environmentalism and the Leisure Class – Harpers 49-56,73-80 – http://digitalcollections.library.cmu.edu/awweb/awarchive?type=file&item=449438
“Yet there is no doubt that the environmental vision is winning widespread acceptance and is having an enormous effect on our economy. The Edison Electric Institute, the research arm of the utilities industry, is now warning that large portions of the country face widespread power shortages and blackouts within the next few years because the introduction of nuclear technology is not going ahead on schedule. Environmentalists’ opposition and regulatory delays have brought new construction almost to a standstill. Power reserves will fall below 20 percent around the Great Lakes by 1979, and in the Southeast by 1981. By 1986 reserves will have dwindled to 1.4 percent in North Dakota, Minnesota, and Nebraska, to 3.2 percent in New England and New York State, and to 10.1 percent in Illinois, Missouri, and Wisconsin. The nuclear-reactor in- dustry says it is ‘already facing «enormous erosion of skills» and «technological regression» simply because there is no work available in building new plants. «We’re going to see a crisis atmosphere,» John O’Leary, deputy secretary of the new Department of Energy, said recently. «By the mid-1980s, we may have very severe economic consequences as a result of our improvident attitudes of the late 1970s.» ”
Bob Burton and Sheldon Rampton (1977) – Thinking Globally, Acting Vocally: The International Conspiracy to Overheat the Earth – PR Watch, 21/09/1997 – http://www.prwatch.org/prwissues/1997Q4/warming.html
“In 1991, a U.S. corporate coalition including the National Coal Association, the Western Fuels Association and Edison Electrical Institute created a PR front group called the «Information Council for the Environment» (ICE) and launched a $500,000 advertising and public relations blitz as the first salvo in a campaign to, in ICE’s own words, «reposition global warming as theory (not fact).»
Ross Gelbspan – Big Coal’s Funding of Skeptics (1998) – The Heat is Online, 01/01/1998 – http://www.heatisonline.org/contentserver/objecthandlers/index.cfm?ID=4462&Method=Full
“Dr. Pat Michaels had acknowledged in an e-mail correspondence that he had received about $16,000 in industry funding. In fact, it turned out that he had received more than 10 times that amount from industry sources — funding he had never publicly disclosed. In addition to funding both his publications, Western Fuels also provided a $63,000 grant for Michaels’ research. Another $49,000 came from the German Coal Mining Association. A smaller grant of $15,000 came from the Edison Electric Institute. Michaels also listed a grant of $40,000 from the western mining company, Cyprus Minerals. For much of the 1990s, Cyprus Minerals was the largest single funder of the anti-environmental Wise Use Movement in the western part of the U.S.”
Ross Gelbspan (1998) – The Heat Is on: The Climate Crisis, the Cover-Up, the Prescription – Basic Books (Perseus Books Group) – Pulitzer Price – ISBN-13: 978-0738200255 – 288 Págs.
«While testifying in St. Paul, Pat Michaels revealed under oath that he had received more than $165,000 in industry and private funding over the previous five years – funding he had never previously disclosed. Not only did Western Fuels fund both his publications, he disclosed, but it provided a $63,000 grant for his research. Another $49,000 came from the German Coal Mining Association. A smaller grant came from the Edison Electric Institute. Michaels also listed a grant of $40,000 from the western mining company Cyprus Minerals.» (p. 40-41)
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. (2004) – Crimes Against Nature – Harper Collins – National Resources Defense Council – ISBN-13: 978-0060746872 – 244 Págs. – https://www.changelingaspects.com/PDF/Crimes%20Against%20Nature.pdf
“Experts at the time were scoffing at the notion of an alleged energy crisis, but as Californians had learned, the perception of shortages, even when false, creates a huge bonanza for industry. “I was against tax incentives that eventually were steam-rolled into the task force recommendation,” O’Neill told me. “Good business people don’t do things based upon tax code inducements. Tax cuts don’t increase industry’s appetite for more research or development, but they transfer the costs of what they are already doing to the public.” [ref] Cheney wasn’t terribly interested in what O’Neill had to say. Instead, he opened his door to industry titans, soliciting a wish list of recommendations from lobbying associations such as the American Petroleum Institute, the American Gas Association, the National Mining Association, and the Edison Electric Institute. 24 To lobby for congressional passage of the Cheney energy plan, more than 400 industry groups enlisted in the Alliance for Energy and Economic Growth, a coalition created by oil, mining, and nuclear interests and guided by the White House. 25 It cost $5,000 to join, “a very low price,” Wayne Valis, a lobbyist for the Nuclear Energy Institute, wrote in a fundraising letter. 26 ” (p. 101-102)
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. (2004) – Crimes Against Nature – Harper Collins – National Resources Defense Council – ISBN-13: 978-0060746872 – 244 Págs. https://www.changelingaspects.com/PDF/Crimes%20Against%20Nature.pdf
“Barbour and Racicot repeatedly conferred with Abraham and Cheney. They were joined by Edison Electric Institute, whose director, Tom Kuhn, a Bush Pioneer, is a former college roommate, fundraiser, and close personal friend of the president. Edison, the electric industry’s major lobbying arm, contributed $598,169 to Republicans between 1999 and 2002, 44 and its members have given $19.7 million to Republicans since 1998. 45 ”
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. (2004) – Crimes Against Nature – Harper Collins – National Resources Defense Council – ISBN-13: 978-0060746872 – 244 Págs. – https://www.changelingaspects.com/PDF/Crimes%20Against%20Nature.pdf
“Subsequently, he merged his firm with National Environmental Strategies (NES), a lobbying outfit founded by former Republican National Committee chairman Haley Barbour. NES represented the National Mining Association and Dominion Resources, one of the nation’s largest power producers, as well as the Edison Electric Institute, Shell, Texaco, Chevron, Arch Coal, and Pittston Coal, to name just a few.” (p. 131)
Ross Gelbspan (2005) – Boiling Point: How Politicians, Big Oil and Coal, Journalists and Activists Are Fueling the Climate Crisis And What We Can Do to Avert Disaster – Basic Books – Pulitzer Prize – ISBN-13: 978-0465027620 – 288 Págs
“The Global Climate Coalition had represented more than 6 million businesses – including, among others, the American Highway Users Alliance, the American Petroleum Institute, the Edison Electric Institute, the National Association of Manufacturers, and the National Minig Association. Under pressure of activists, British Petroleum and Shell left the coalition in 1999 … They were followed shortly thereafter by Ford, Daimler-Chrysler, Texaco, the Southern Company, and General Motors.»
Ross Gelbspan (2005) – Boiling Point: How Politicians, Big Oil and Coal, Journalists and Activists Are Fueling the Climate Crisis And What We Can Do to Avert Disaster – Basic Books – Pulitzer Prize – ISBN-13: 978-0465027620 – 288 Págs
“In 20001, shortky after the Bush election, Palmer and other members of Peabody Energy met with the Cheney task force a number of times while the administration’s energy plan was being fashioned. Peabody energy executives were among thirty or forty industry officials briefed by members of the task force in meetings set up by the Edison Electric Institute, the power industry’s primary lobbying gropu, according to a report in the New York Times. Those same meetings were closed to the major environmental groups.»
Jim Motavalli – Thank you for emitting – Emagazine.com XVII, 13/04/2006 – https://emagazine.com/thank-you-for-emitting-302/
“The spokesperson for the Global Climate Coalition (GCC) … was then with the Potomac Communications Group, whose clients according to the same source included Con Edison, the Edison Electric Institute, the Nuclear Energy Institute … But is Maisano switching sides?”
Wiki – Information Council on the Environment – Wikipedia, 24/10/2008 – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Council_on_the_Environment
“The Information Council on the Environment (ICE), was a U.S. organization created by the National Coal Association, the Western Fuels Association, and Edison Electrical Institute. ICE launched a $500,000 advertising and public relations campaign to, in ICE’s words, «reposition global warming as theory (not fact).» Patrick Michaels, Robert Balling and Sherwood B. Idso all lent their names in 1991 to its scientific advisory panel.”
Wiki – Politicization of science – Wikipedia, 03/11/2008 – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politicization_of_science 03/11/2008
“Both sides of the controversy over global warming have accused each other of politicizing the science behind climate change … In 1991, a US corporate coalition including the National Coal Association, the Western Fuels Association and Edison Electrical Institute created a public relations organization called the «Information Council on the Environment» (ICE). ICE launched a $500,000 advertising campaign to, in ICE’s own words, «reposition global warming as theory (not fact).”
James Hoggan with Richard Littlemore (2009) – Climate Cover-up: The Crusade to Deny Global Warming – Greystone Books – ISBN-13 : 978-1553654858 – 240 Págs.
“In 1991, Western Fuels joined with the National Coal Association and the Electric Edison Institute to create the Information Council on the Environment (ICE). This was a not-very-arm’s-length organization that would use its original US $500,000 budget ‘to reposition global warming as a theory (not fact)’ and ‘supply alternative facts to support the suggestion that global warming will be good’ [ref]… with advance planning from the D.C. public relations firm Bracy Williams and Company tested a series of messages, including:…” (p. 32)
Eric Pooley (2010) – The Climate War: True Believers, Power Brokers, and the Fight to Save the Earth – Hyperion – Deputy editor of Bloomberg BusinessWeek, a former managing editor of Fortune and a former national editor, chief political correspondent and White House correspondent for Time – ISBN-13: 978-1401323264 – 481 Págs. – http://www.ericpooley.com/
“The Global Climate Coalition was not aggressive enough for some of its members, and the National Coal Association teamed up with the Western Fuels Association, a coal supplier owned by a consortium of rural electric co-ops, to bankroll another group, the Information Council for the Environment (ICE) … George H.W. Bush had just signed an acid rain cap-and-trade bill over the objections of industry, so the Coalition set out to make sure that anything that came aout of Rio would be voluntary, not mandatory.”
Mareike Britten et al (Eds.) (2011) – Who’s holding us back? – Greenpeace, 23/11/2011 – http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/publications/reports/Whos-holding-us-back/
“In the US alone, approximately $3.5 bn is invested annually in lobbying activities at the federal level.6 The US Chamber of Commerce tops the list of lobbyists.7 In recent years, Royal Dutch Shell, the US Chamber of Commerce, Edison Electric Institute, PG&E, Southern Company, ExxonMobil, Chevron, BP and ConocoPhillips all made the top 20 list of lobbyists.8 The climate campaign organisation 350.org estimates that 94% of US Chamber of Commerce contributions went to climate denier candidates.”
Valerie Volcovici – Power industry braces for court air pollution ruling – Reuters, 09/07/2012 – http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/09/us-usa-epa-court-idUSBRE8681ED20120709
“The power industry is waiting for a federal appeals court to rule on proposed emissions controls for coal-fired power plants, a decision with implications for energy sectors ranging from natural gas to coal to tradeable pollution permits.”
Jeff Spross – Chamber Of Commerce Blasts EPA Rule That Doesn’t Exist – Climate Progress, 28/05/2014 – http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2014/05/28/3442314/chamber-of-commerce-epa-carbon-study/
“But assuming the Chamber proves prescient on those two points, should we be worried? Probably not. First off, as Paul Krugman noted, a $50.2 billion reduction per year is only 0.2 percent of the economy. And that loss of 224,000 jobs is out of a country of 140 million workers — America is adding more than 224,000 new jobs every two or three months right now. Beyond that, there’s a history here. EPA has been issuing regulations on everything from coal furnaces to urban air quality for four decades. Studies sponsored by the fossil fuel industry have regularly predicted major economic hits as a result, and those hits regularly fail to materialize. In fact, when EPA moved to cut sulfur dioxide emissions from coal-fired power plants in 1990, the Edison Electric Institute predicted electricity rate hikes for the 10 most coal-dependent states. The Center for American Progress found that by 2009 their projection had overshot by 24 percent, and for several of those states the 2009 costs were lower than in 1990.”
Al Gore – The Turning Point: New Hope for the Climate – The New York Times, 18/06/2014 – http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/the-turning-point-new-hope-for-the-climate-20140618
“The principal trade group representing U.S. electric utilities, the Edison Electric Institute, has identified distributed generation as the «largest near-term threat to the utility model.» Last May, Barclays downgraded the entirety of the U.S. electric sector, warning that «a confluence of declining cost trends in distributed solarphotovoltaic-power generation and residentialscale power storage is likely to disrupt the status quo» and make utility investments less attractive.”
Brendan Montague – Fred Singer’s Attack on the Rio Earth Summit – Desmogblog UK, 10/01/2015 – http://www.desmog.uk/2015/01/10/fred-singer-attack-rio-earth-summit
“Climate-change denier Richard Lindzen, then a meteorologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), sent the report to President George Bush Senior with a covering letter using his academic credentials to lend weight to its findings. “I thought it was important to make it clear that the science was at an early and primitive stage and that there was little basis for consensus and much reason for skepticism,” he told the Scientific American magazine. “I did feel a moral obligation.” The energy industry also lobbied the IPCC directly. The Climate Council, the Edison Electric Institute and the National Coal Association wrote a letter to Bolin and submitted its own report.”
Unión Fenosa – Patrocinio y Mecenazgo – Unión Fenosa – http://www.unionfenosa.es/webuf/wcm/connect/ufwebcontenidos/WebUF/ResponsabilidadSocialCorporativa/PatrocinioYMecenazgo/
“Asociación Española del CO2 … Club Español de la Energía … Edison Electric Institute …”
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